arthrosis - a disease that has developed over many years with a predominant damage to certain joints.Most often, painful changes affect large joints - knee, hip, shoulder, etc.The pain and difficulty in moving in them complicate a person's life in a physical and emotional plane, and considering the fact that arthritis is often found at a young age, it can interfere with achieving professional and personal goals.That is why it is important to diagnose the disease as soon as possible and begin complex arthrosis treatment.
The treatment of arthrosis
In the initial stage of arthrosis, conservative methods that do not include surgery are used.Meanwhile, methods of methods used allow to suspend the development of the disease, maintain motor activity, reduce the severity of the main symptoms of arthrosis, and generally improve human quality.
- Treatment
Used drug groups
- NSAIDS;
- GKS;
- Chondroprotectors.
- Prp therapy
- Physical education
- Massage and manual therapy
- Excellent therapy (withdrawal)
- Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy methods widely used for arthritis:
- Magnetotherapy;
- UHF;
- Inductootermia;
- Ultrasound therapy;
- Balneotherapy;
- Surgical treatment.
Treatment of arthrosis with medicines
Among patients, it is common that the use of medicines with an analgesic effect (orally in the form of tablets or injectively - intramuscularly) is the most important method to relieve pain in arthrosis.In fact, the use of medicines is a method of rapid pain relief, which should only be prescribed in the acute period.The fact is that the medicines widely determined for these purposes have serious side effects that intensify with prolonged and especially with uncontrolled consumption.We are talking about undesirable effects from digestive, cardiovascular, nervous systems, which with high probability can bring the patient to a hospital bed (stomach bleeding, heart rhythm disturbances, liver and kidney effects, etc.).
Non -inflammatory drugs non -inflammatory
Used drug groups:
NSAID -Anti -inflammatory non -steroidalilans, many are released without a prescription and are widely accepted by patients.This group includes medicines of various chemical structures, the most famous of them are diclofenac, indomethacin, subsoids (NSAIDs Classic), the most modern in meloxicam, nimesulide, ketorolac.The medicines listed have a pronounced anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect, reduce pain in the joint muscle tissue and adjacent, but do not affect the development of the disease.They are used only to reduce symptoms at all stages of the disease.Effective with the associated synovitis (fluid accumulation in the union).
Gks - Glucocorticosteroid drugs (hydrocortisone, triamcinone, betamethasone) have the strongest anti -inflammatory and analgesic effects.It is also effective for presenting their percentage.However, patients are often negatively related to the use of these medicines in treatment, which is associated with possible side effects: these are infectious complications, deterioration of the condition of the ligaments, articular surface and cartilage degeneration.But with the peri -inhuman risk of these complications, the risk of these complications is minimal.
Chondroprotectors - Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural components of the cartilage, which, when administered orally, contribute to the gradual restoration of the cartilage, normalize its density and elasticity.These active ingredients are usually used in complexes, are part of various medicines and auxiliary products.The chondroprotectors do not have a rapid analgesic effect, the improvement takes place with prolonged use of drugs based on them, which is associated with partial cartilage restoration.Recommended at all stages of the disease.
Prp therapy
One of the most modern methods of recovery medicine, which is used for sports injuries and mono-district diseases of the joints, is PRP therapy (PP-Rose) or Mobravitization Plase, autoplasmic therapy.
The essence of the procedure It consists of introducing plasma enriched by platelets, directly at the site of damage, in this case in the union.The drug for administration is taken from the patient's blood itself, so the method is considered not only very effective but also safe for humans.Growth factors and other active biological substances (serotonin, bradykin, prostaglandins, etc.) included in plasma thrombocus enriched by platelets, contribute to the activation of regeneration processes and synthesis of their underlying substances.
The resulting plasma, enriched with platelets, is inserted percentage and directly into the affected joint, due to which a partial tissue restoration is achieved - mainly cartilage.
The methodology in the 1-2 stages of osteoarthrosis is more applicable.It shows good results and allows you to delay the rapid development of the disease due to the release of growth factors from platelets.The method is relatively new, but it has proven its high efficiency.PRP therapy was first used in surgery, today the technique is successfully used in many areas of medicine, including in rheumatology and orthopedics, neurology and cosmetology.Performing autoplasmic therapy allows you to increase the functioning of the joint without any other aggressive interference.
Violation of synovial fluid - a group of hyaluronic acid -based medicines, which are inserted directly into the joint cavity (injection) and play the role of a knitting lubricant fluid in the event that natural synovial fluid is almost completely missing (it provides the role of lubrication of articular surfaces).They are used in the late stages of arthrosis.
The medical remedies of this group are also called "synovial fluid prostheses", "biological substitute for synovial fluid".The effect after drug administration is long - from 6 to 13 months, depending on the medical product used.
Some have been used Other groups of drugs - antispasmodics, muscle relaxants, group B vitamins in therapeutic doses (high), but they all have only auxiliary value in the treatment of arthrosis.
Physical education
Special exercises of therapeutic gymnastics can and should also be used during irritation, at all stages of arthrosis.Such measures can reduce the pain and prevent pronounced restrictions on the movement of the joints.However, among patients with arthrosis, the method is non -propullary, as most of them are mistaken, believing that it is necessary to limit any movement.Timely starting physical exercise, on the contrary, contributes to a faster recovery and decrease in symptoms, mainly pain.
Particularly effective exercises of physiotherapy in water, movement of the joints in the discharge position (lying, sitting, in a hanging position), walking moderate on a flat surface.If necessary, for example, with a pronounced pain syndrome, a special bandage can be imposed on the joint, but you should start physical education as soon as possible.
Massage and manual therapy
Methods of mechanical effects on fusion, muscles and ligamentous apparatus allow for decreased severity of pain, increased mobility, improvement of blood circulation and metabolism in the affected joint area, relieving muscle spasm, normalization of muscle function.
Excellent therapy (withdrawal)
In a hospital or medical sanatorium, traction therapy is possible - this is a joint traffic (hip, knee) according to a special method using different loads.The standard traction scheme is designed for 28 days, with a gradual increase in load and exposure time.Classic and more modern techniques are used using simulators.Their effectiveness is almost the same, but the simulators are more comfortable for the patient.
Physiotherapy
The use of various physiotherapy techniques in the initial stages of arthritis allows us to achieve a significant relief of pain syndrome and increase mobility in the affected joints.Physiotherapy courses contribute to a slowdown in the pathological process and the extension of the period without irritation.
Widely used for arthrosis of physiotherapy methodology
Magnetotherapy - Local effects by continuous or alternative magnetic field with low frequency.In the area of the affected union, the metabolic processes are accelerated, blood circulation and the distribution of nutrients in joint structures increase, the processes of regeneration and the synthesis of substances needed for joint work are activated.Magnetotherapy has an anti -heated, analgesic, anti -inflammatory effect from almost the first session, which positively affects the patient's overall condition.Magnetotherapy is successfully used in hospitals and sanatoriums, where medical equipment of various modifications is used.A major advantage for patients with arthritis is the possibility of independent magnetotherapy courses at home, with the aim of controlling the attending physician.Timely use of portable equipment for magnetotherapy allows you to stop the development of pain, start irritation or do a preventive course - that is, to maintain normal well -being.A positive moment of magnetotherapy can also be called the beneficial effect of procedures on the condition of cardiovascular and nervous systems.Given the fact that most patients with arthritis are middle -aged and advanced people, with an existing group of chronic diseases (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, etc.), a mild soothing and stabilizing effect of magnetotherapy will be very useful.
Ultrasound therapy It is most commonly used in combination with the effects of anti -inflammatory, analgesic, restoration medicines (hydrocortisone, chondroitin sulfate, indomethacin, etc.) - ultrafonophoresis or phonophoresis.Ultrasound increases tissue permeability for medicines, so their main action has increased.Even without a medicinal ingredient, the method is very effective for arthrosis: ultrasound has a mechanical effect on the tissue (micromasage), activates local immune processes and restoration in the joint and adjacent muscles, an analgesic and anti -inflammatory effect is expressed.
Laser therapy - one of the most common and used procedures.The therapeutic effect is based on the reflex expansion of the blood vessels over the focus of the pathological process.This leads to an improvement in local blood flow, activation of metabolism, removing underestimated metabolism, and a decrease in pain intensity.Laser therapy due to the low penetration depth has a minimally pronounced systemic effect, while enhancing the therapeutic effect of other procedures.
Shock -wave therapy - High energy method of exposure.It is based on a piezoelectric effect.The impact of piezoelectric discharge on pathological focus is achieved by a number of effects.Non -applicable cells are destroyed, which leads to local immunity activation.Gybernic (inactive) cells, which contribute to regeneration processes are stimulated.At the same time, the intensity of pain syndrome is significantly reduced (though the procedure itself is painful).The undoubted advantage of the method is to use the method once every 4-7 days.
Diadinamotherapy - The method of therapeutic effect on the body with diadyamic impulse currents.The diadean currents used in this method rhythmically excites skin receptors, which indirectly lead to the activation of physiological descending mechanisms of suppressed pain and leads to a decrease in patient pain, up to complete analgesia.Therefore, such procedures are effective for severe pain.
Electromyostimulation - Exposure to electric current to muscle tissue.With arthrosis of large joints, the work of the surrounding muscles is disturbed, this leads to the atrophy of some and overload of others.Disordisms of walking are developing.When exposed to alternative electric current according to a particular program, the muscles fall rhythmically, performing a certain job, which leads to restoring their volume and function.
Cryotherapy - A simple and effective method of treatment, unfortunately, is rarely used.The local effect of low temperature reduces the sensitivity of pain receptors and the synthesis of active biological substances that stimulate the development of inflammation.After cryotherapy, a reflex expansion of blood vessels occurs, local blood flow is accelerated, and recovery processes are activated.This method is especially effective in combination with shock wave therapy.
Balneotherapy
In the conditions of the sanatorium and the resort, hydrogenation is carried out the bathroom-medical, among which radon arthritis is particularly effective for arthrosis.An overall effect on the body is performed by the radon -dissolved radio radon decay products.The most important effect is the activation of metabolic processes.
A similar effect, though less pronounced, is characteristic of therapeutic mud (peloids), hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.
Surgical treatment
Surgical methods are used in the late stages of arthrosis, when joint mobility is severely limited or absent, which affects the quality of life of the patient.All over the world, different methods of common endoprosthetics are used, which allow you to completely restore the volume of movements and turn the patient into active life at any age.
The tactics and volume of surgical intervention are determined by the attending physician, the choice is based on parameters such as the general condition of the patient, the age and presence of simultaneous diseases, overweight and others.The best results after the endoprosthetics were obtained in youth and medium patients (almost complete restoration of the volume of movements), but the elderly also have a significant improvement in the condition, as after surgery and successfully performed they can fully provide themselves in the internal plane and move not only within the apartment, but also to go out.
PREVENTION
Arthrosis belongs to the group of justice diseases and develops mainly as a result of age -related changes in joints, increased by the influence of external negative factors.Attention to the condition of the skeletal muscle system, the prevention of common diseases and the treatment of arthrosis in the early stages make it possible to maintain motor activity and avoid massive medical intervention in the future.